diff --git a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/WhisperServerService.java b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/WhisperServerService.java
index 34838d15f..cd606870f 100644
--- a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/WhisperServerService.java
+++ b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/WhisperServerService.java
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.APNSender;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.ApnFallbackManager;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.ClientPresenceManager;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.GCMSender;
+import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.ProvisioningManager;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.PushSender;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.ReceiptSender;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.WebsocketSender;
@@ -312,8 +313,9 @@ public class WhisperServerService extends Application<WhisperServerConfiguration
     PubSubManager              pubSubManager              = new PubSubManager(pubsubClient, dispatchManager);
     APNSender                  apnSender                  = new APNSender(accountsManager, config.getApnConfiguration());
     GCMSender                  gcmSender                  = new GCMSender(accountsManager, config.getGcmConfiguration().getApiKey());
-    WebsocketSender            websocketSender            = new WebsocketSender(messagesManager, pubSubManager, clientPresenceManager);
+    WebsocketSender            websocketSender            = new WebsocketSender(messagesManager, clientPresenceManager);
     RateLimiters               rateLimiters               = new RateLimiters(config.getLimitsConfiguration(), cacheCluster);
+    ProvisioningManager        provisioningManager        = new ProvisioningManager(pubSubManager);
 
     AccountAuthenticator                  accountAuthenticator                  = new AccountAuthenticator(accountsManager);
     DisabledPermittedAccountAuthenticator disabledPermittedAccountAuthenticator = new DisabledPermittedAccountAuthenticator(accountsManager);
@@ -394,7 +396,7 @@ public class WhisperServerService extends Application<WhisperServerConfiguration
     environment.jersey().register(new AccountController(pendingAccountsManager, accountsManager, usernamesManager, abusiveHostRules, rateLimiters, smsSender, directoryQueue, messagesManager, turnTokenGenerator, config.getTestDevices(), recaptchaClient, gcmSender, apnSender, backupCredentialsGenerator));
     environment.jersey().register(new DeviceController(pendingDevicesManager, accountsManager, messagesManager, directoryQueue, rateLimiters, config.getMaxDevices()));
     environment.jersey().register(new DirectoryController(rateLimiters, directory, directoryCredentialsGenerator));
-    environment.jersey().register(new ProvisioningController(rateLimiters, pushSender));
+    environment.jersey().register(new ProvisioningController(rateLimiters, provisioningManager));
     environment.jersey().register(new CertificateController(new CertificateGenerator(config.getDeliveryCertificate().getCertificate(), config.getDeliveryCertificate().getPrivateKey(), config.getDeliveryCertificate().getExpiresDays()), zkAuthOperations, isZkEnabled));
     environment.jersey().register(new VoiceVerificationController(config.getVoiceVerificationConfiguration().getUrl(), config.getVoiceVerificationConfiguration().getLocales()));
     environment.jersey().register(new SecureStorageController(storageCredentialsGenerator));
diff --git a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/controllers/ProvisioningController.java b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/controllers/ProvisioningController.java
index ba2bb8ceb..62e3a10ff 100644
--- a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/controllers/ProvisioningController.java
+++ b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/controllers/ProvisioningController.java
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ package org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.controllers;
 import com.codahale.metrics.annotation.Timed;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.entities.ProvisioningMessage;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.limits.RateLimiters;
-import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.PushSender;
-import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.WebsocketSender;
+import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push.ProvisioningManager;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.Account;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.util.Base64;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.websocket.InvalidWebsocketAddressException;
@@ -26,12 +25,12 @@ import io.dropwizard.auth.Auth;
 @Path("/v1/provisioning")
 public class ProvisioningController {
 
-  private final RateLimiters    rateLimiters;
-  private final WebsocketSender websocketSender;
+  private final RateLimiters        rateLimiters;
+  private final ProvisioningManager provisioningManager;
 
-  public ProvisioningController(RateLimiters rateLimiters, PushSender pushSender) {
-    this.rateLimiters    = rateLimiters;
-    this.websocketSender = pushSender.getWebSocketSender();
+  public ProvisioningController(RateLimiters rateLimiters, ProvisioningManager provisioningManager) {
+    this.rateLimiters        = rateLimiters;
+    this.provisioningManager = provisioningManager;
   }
 
   @Timed
@@ -46,8 +45,8 @@ public class ProvisioningController {
   {
     rateLimiters.getMessagesLimiter().validate(source.getNumber());
 
-    if (!websocketSender.sendProvisioningMessage(new ProvisioningAddress(destinationName, 0),
-                                                 Base64.decode(message.getBody())))
+    if (!provisioningManager.sendProvisioningMessage(new ProvisioningAddress(destinationName, 0),
+                                                     Base64.decode(message.getBody())))
     {
       throw new WebApplicationException(Response.Status.NOT_FOUND);
     }
diff --git a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/ProvisioningManager.java b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/ProvisioningManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c9d7e3dbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/ProvisioningManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Counter;
+import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Metrics;
+import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.PubSubManager;
+import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.PubSubProtos;
+import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.websocket.ProvisioningAddress;
+
+import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.name;
+
+public class ProvisioningManager {
+    private final PubSubManager pubSubManager;
+
+    private final Counter provisioningMessageOnlineCounter  = Metrics.counter(name(getClass(), "sendProvisioningMessage"), "online", "true");
+    private final Counter provisioningMessageOfflineCounter = Metrics.counter(name(getClass(), "sendProvisioningMessage"), "online", "false");
+
+    public ProvisioningManager(final PubSubManager pubSubManager) {
+        this.pubSubManager = pubSubManager;
+    }
+
+    public boolean sendProvisioningMessage(ProvisioningAddress address, byte[] body) {
+        PubSubProtos.PubSubMessage pubSubMessage = PubSubProtos.PubSubMessage.newBuilder()
+                .setType(PubSubProtos.PubSubMessage.Type.DELIVER)
+                .setContent(ByteString.copyFrom(body))
+                .build();
+
+        if (pubSubManager.publish(address, pubSubMessage)) {
+            provisioningMessageOnlineCounter.increment();
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            provisioningMessageOfflineCounter.increment();
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/PushSender.java b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/PushSender.java
index 410c34430..243b4f8e2 100644
--- a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/PushSender.java
+++ b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/PushSender.java
@@ -80,10 +80,6 @@ public class PushSender implements Managed {
     }
   }
 
-  public WebsocketSender getWebSocketSender() {
-    return webSocketSender;
-  }
-
   private void sendSynchronousMessage(Account account, Device device, Envelope message, boolean online) {
     if      (device.getGcmId() != null)   sendGcmMessage(account, device, message, online);
     else if (device.getApnId() != null)   sendApnMessage(account, device, message, online);
diff --git a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/WebsocketSender.java b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/WebsocketSender.java
index 353003ad0..be558574e 100644
--- a/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/WebsocketSender.java
+++ b/service/src/main/java/org/whispersystems/textsecuregcm/push/WebsocketSender.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ package org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.push;
 import com.codahale.metrics.Meter;
 import com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;
 import com.codahale.metrics.SharedMetricRegistries;
-import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
 import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Counter;
 import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Metrics;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
@@ -27,13 +26,10 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.Account;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.Device;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.MessagesManager;
-import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.PubSubManager;
 import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.util.Constants;
-import org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.websocket.ProvisioningAddress;
 
 import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.name;
 import static org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.entities.MessageProtos.Envelope;
-import static org.whispersystems.textsecuregcm.storage.PubSubProtos.PubSubMessage;
 
 public class WebsocketSender {
 
@@ -57,19 +53,14 @@ public class WebsocketSender {
   private final Meter gcmOnlineMeter        = metricRegistry.meter(name(getClass(), "gcm_online" ));
   private final Meter gcmOfflineMeter       = metricRegistry.meter(name(getClass(), "gcm_offline"));
 
-  private final Meter provisioningOnlineMeter  = metricRegistry.meter(name(getClass(), "provisioning_online" ));
-  private final Meter provisioningOfflineMeter = metricRegistry.meter(name(getClass(), "provisioning_offline"));
-
   private final Counter ephemeralOnlineCounter  = Metrics.counter(name(getClass(), "ephemeral"), "online", "true");
   private final Counter ephemeralOfflineCounter = Metrics.counter(name(getClass(), "ephemeral"), "offline", "true");
 
   private final MessagesManager       messagesManager;
-  private final PubSubManager         pubSubManager;
   private final ClientPresenceManager clientPresenceManager;
 
-  public WebsocketSender(MessagesManager messagesManager, PubSubManager pubSubManager, ClientPresenceManager clientPresenceManager) {
+  public WebsocketSender(MessagesManager messagesManager, ClientPresenceManager clientPresenceManager) {
     this.messagesManager       = messagesManager;
-    this.pubSubManager         = pubSubManager;
     this.clientPresenceManager = clientPresenceManager;
   }
 
@@ -103,19 +94,4 @@ public class WebsocketSender {
       }
     }
   }
-
-  public boolean sendProvisioningMessage(ProvisioningAddress address, byte[] body) {
-    PubSubMessage    pubSubMessage = PubSubMessage.newBuilder()
-                                                  .setType(PubSubMessage.Type.DELIVER)
-                                                  .setContent(ByteString.copyFrom(body))
-                                                  .build();
-
-    if (pubSubManager.publish(address, pubSubMessage)) {
-      provisioningOnlineMeter.mark();
-      return true;
-    } else {
-      provisioningOfflineMeter.mark();
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
 }